Last week, the White House released its 2025 National Security Strategy, charting a course for a more transactional and interest-driven U.S. global posture. The document articulates the administration’s “America First” vision with an emphasis on border security, economic revitalization and a reduction in broader global cooperation.
Subsequently, Secretary Pete Hegseth unveiled the new National Defense Strategy at the annual Reagan National Defense Forum. Echoing the core sentiments of the White House plan, Hegseth’s strategy underscores the United States’ commitment to defend the homeland and its hemisphere, deter China through strength rather than force, increase burden sharing among allies and supercharge the U.S. defense industrial base.
The strategies mark a departure from previous administrations’ values-driven approaches, instead emphasizing strategic sufficiency and negotiated stability with major powers. Previous strategic pillars, such as countering the impacts of climate change, were omitted altogether. The shifts have drawn sharp criticism from governments across Europe and other core allies.
Key objectives across both strategies include:
A renewed focus on the Western Hemisphere: An emphasis on vigilance against foreign influence, with the NSS outlining a “Trump Corollary” to the Monroe Doctrine to counter China, Russia and Iran in critical infrastructure.
Migration underscored as a core national security threat: Expanded border enforcement and pressure on partner nations to curb outward flows.
A pivot away from Europe: Prioritization of rapid negotiations to end the war in Ukraine, limits to further NATO expansion and welcoming of nationalist political movements.
Conditional engagement with China: Shifting from broad competition to targeted economic reciprocity and robust Indo-Pacific deterrence.
Economic security and reindustrialization: Underscoring economic resilience, supply chain protection, energy dominance and technological leadership as inseparable from national security
Burden-sharing with allies: Global partners will be expected to assume greater responsibility for their own defense and regional stability.



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